Kalmar Union, combination of the crowns of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, effected at Kalmar, Sweden, by Margaret I in 1397. Because all three crowns were elective, the union could not be maintained by inheritance. Margaret's successors controlled Sweden intermittently until Gustavus I of Sweden dissolved the union (1523). Norway became independent in 1814.

Douz is a town in southern Tunisia on the edge of the Sahara, where date-palm oases meet the dunes of the Grand Erg Oriental. The town is often regarded as a gateway to the sandy desert, with dunes beginning close to the built-up area and extending toward the wider Sahara. Palm groves provide a strong contrast to the surrounding dry landscape, while nearby Chott el-Jerid forms a vast salt depression with bright mineral surfaces and mirages.

Westport, located on Ireland’s west coast in County Mayo, is a charming town renowned for its picturesque streets, lively cultural scene, and proximity to some of Ireland’s most scenic landscapes.

Tamnougalt is a fortified village in Morocco’s Drâa Valley, near the town of Agdz, where a large palm oasis stretches along the Drâa River. The settlement is centered on a historic ksar built from rammed earth, with towers, defensive walls, and narrow covered passages. Its position within the Mezguita oasis made it an important local center for trade and administration.

Liwonde National Park lies in southern Malawi along the Shire River, the country’s largest river and the main outlet of Lake Malawi.