Oman stands among the oldest independent states in the Arab world, with evidence of human habitation stretching back over 100,000 years. Its capital, Muscat, rises gently against limestone hills with no skyscrapers to interrupt its skyline. Visitors find broad avenues lined with stunning buildings leading to landmarks like the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque and the Royal Opera House, both offering glimpses into Omani artistry and modern elegance.

Leiden or Leyden, city in the western Netherlands, in Zuid-Holland (South Holland) Province, on the Old Rhine River, near The Hague. Leiden is also the site of the State University of Leiden, one of the oldest and most distinguished universities in Europe. It was the birthplace of several important Dutch painters, including Rembrandt, Jan van Goyen, and Jan Steen. During the 17th century the English settlers who became known as the Pilgrims took refuge in Leiden before leaving for North America.

Xi’an, located in central China’s Shaanxi Province, served as the starting point of the ancient Silk Road and was the capital of 13 imperial dynasties. Its long history is most famously represented by the Terracotta Army, an underground army of life-sized warriors discovered in 1974. Each figure has distinct facial features, hairstyles, and armor, designed to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the afterlife.

With its captivating blend of ancient history, sun-drenched beaches, and vibrant Andalusian culture, Cádiz, Spain, stands as one of Europe’s oldest continually inhabited cities. Founded over 3,000 years ago by the Phoenicians, this coastal gem in southern Spain offers a rich tapestry of historical sites and modern charms. The old city of Cádiz is a labyrinth of narrow cobblestone streets, whitewashed houses, and hidden plazas that evoke the city’s Moorish past.

Las Palmas (officially Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) is the capital of Gran Canaria island as well as co-capital (along with Santa Cruz de Tenerife) of the Canary Islands. It is a major cruise-ship port known for duty-free shopping and sandy beaches, including Playa de Las Canteras, considered by many to be one of the best urban beaches worldwide.