Gibraltar is located in southern tip of Spain, on a tiny peninsula. It is governed by the British and named after the Rock of Gibraltar, which is located on its east side. The territory is mainly used as a shipping port, and a port-of-call for cruise ships.

Perugia, the capital of Italy’s Umbria region, is a city built across hills and centuries. Originally settled by the Etruscans more than 2,500 years ago, it still holds remnants of their civilization, including one of the largest surviving Etruscan arches in Italy named Arco Etrusco, which greets visitors at the city’s entrance. Walking through the narrow streets of the historic center reveals layers of Roman, medieval, and Renaissance architecture, all woven together within ancient stone walls.

Even though Linköping has developed into an industrial center and is Sweden's fifth-largest city, it maintains a small-town atmosphere. Old Linköping is the restored town center with preserved buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. The tower of the impressive Linköping Cathedral, which took nearly 300 years to complete, can be seen from a distance of more than 10 kilometers.

Padua, a hidden gem in Northern Italy’s Veneto region, is a city where medieval splendor meets a vibrant modern atmosphere. Known for its ancient university, founded in 1222, Padua is one of the oldest and most prestigious in the world, having nurtured the minds of great scholars like Galileo Galilei.

Dikili leads the way to the ancient city of Pergamum, also known as Bergma. This city thrived under the Romans from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD. One of the most fascinating aspects of the ancient site is the medical complex, Asklepieon, where advanced psychological treatments were practiced.