Kalmar Union, combination of the crowns of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, effected at Kalmar, Sweden, by Margaret I in 1397. Because all three crowns were elective, the union could not be maintained by inheritance. Margaret's successors controlled Sweden intermittently until Gustavus I of Sweden dissolved the union (1523). Norway became independent in 1814.

Framingham is a city in eastern Massachusetts, located about 20 miles west of Boston in the MetroWest region. Its landscape combines developed neighborhoods and commercial districts with wooded areas, ponds, and former agricultural land. The Sudbury River and several smaller waterways pass through the surrounding area, while Cochituate State Park provides a large recreational lake nearby.

Stewart Island, known in Māori as Rakiura, lies off the southern coast of New Zealand and is the country’s third-largest island.

Chiang Rai, in northern Thailand near the borders with Laos and Myanmar, is a city where history, art, and tranquil landscapes converge. Founded in the 13th century as the first capital of the Lanna Kingdom, it retains a strong sense of heritage while also serving as a hub for contemporary Thai creativity.

Cambridge, Massachusetts, sits across the Charles River from Boston and is known for its universities, historic neighborhoods, research institutions, and distinctive network of public squares. Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology give the city an international academic profile, while areas such as Harvard Square, Central Square, Kendall Square, and Inman Square each have their own mix of shops, restaurants, cultural venues, and businesses.