Aguas Calientes, officially called Machupicchu Pueblo, sits in a narrow valley below the ruins of Machu Picchu, shaped almost entirely by geography and access. The town grew around the railway and hot springs that give it its name, becoming a necessary stopping point rather than a destination planned in advance. Its identity is closely tied to movement, with most people arriving on foot or by train and staying briefly before heading uphill.

Longyearbyen, the northernmost settlement of its size in the world, offers a unique and captivating experience in the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, Norway. Nestled between icy peaks and sprawling glaciers, this remote town is a gateway to exploring the rugged beauty of the Arctic landscape.

ABERDEEN -- Scotland's third-largest city (pop. 187,000) is characterized by buildings of beautiful white granite. Set beside the North Sea, Aberdeen is both a university town and the capital of the Scottish oil boom. It is also one of Scotland's largest seaside resorts (though its appeal is confined to those who like their water well-chilled).

The Philippines is an archipelago of more than 7,600 islands in Southeast Asia, known for its striking coastlines, tropical forests, and vibrant cultural diversity.

Nova Scotia covers an area of 21,425 sq. miles, and Halifax is the capital. This is an area rich in history — Gaelic is still spoken here in some areas by descendants of the early settlers. The coast is peppered with fishing villages, and inland the climate boasts sprawling valleys and rocky headlands.