The River Nile, most often associated with Egypt and its ancient civilizations, actually flows through eight other countries including Uganda, Ethiopia, Sudan, and Kenya. It is formed by two major tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile, and is considered by many to be the longest river in the world when measured from its source waters in Rwanda and Burundi.

Kalmar Union, combination of the crowns of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, effected at Kalmar, Sweden, by Margaret I in 1397. Because all three crowns were elective, the union could not be maintained by inheritance. Margaret's successors controlled Sweden intermittently until Gustavus I of Sweden dissolved the union (1523). Norway became independent in 1814.

San Juan, Puerto Rico’s capital, is a city where cobblestone streets lead to centuries-old forts and pastel-colored buildings overlook the Atlantic. The district of Old San Juan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its Spanish colonial architecture and thick stone walls that once defended the city from pirates and naval attacks. The city hosts regular events such as La Campechada, which celebrates Puerto Rican art and literature with live performances and open-air exhibits.

Torquay, located on England’s southwest coast in Devon, is often referred to as the gateway to the English Riviera. With origins as a small fishing village, it expanded rapidly in the 19th century as a seaside resort, attracting visitors with its mild climate, sandy beaches, and scenic coastline.

Chios lies in the northeastern Aegean, close enough to the Turkish coast that the mainland feels present in daily life.